Noise in Multimedia System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Commotion in Multimedia System - Essay Example Commotion is characterized as any undesirable thing in the ideal one. Despite the fact that in some uncommon cases in hardware like oscillator where commotion is purposefully presented yet, the greater part of the occasions they make prevention to the real saying. Assume after loyal encoding information is sent over transmission medium. Fake electrical signs from condition may meddle to the first sign coming about clamor. In different cases clamor shows up as glimmer of screen. For compact gadgets engineers need to structure design for the objective gadget and creating pixels of exact width and goals now and again give wrong outcome. Once more, online substance engineers who work freely for target gadgets at long last come out with objects which have issue in mapping. This paper unequivocally focuses on different commotion sources and their impact on sight and sound items. It likewise plots approaches to beat it. Clamor in one sense is characterized as quantifiable measure of loss of information. It is an irregular boundary that can be estimated by its measurable properties. In media transmission channel commotion is by and large gets included medium during transmission. Figure 1 shows such a transmission channel. In the middle of transmitter to recipient there is the medium. It tends to be either wire if there should be an occurrence of line correspondence or free space for remote correspondence. Signal gets meddled by commotion in the medium by different methods for example roaring, signal from different sources if two signs are near one another and from crisscross among transmitter and collector. Shannon characterized the restriction of transmission in an uproarious channel for a provided divert limit so as to expand the sign to-clamor (SNR) ratio1. In any case, it doesn't ensure clamor free transmission. This is only the post transmission commotion and before it gets got. Various techniques exist to identify any blunder has emerged and provided that this is true, to address it. The seven layer OSI model functions admirably for blunder identification and rectification in any PC correspondence process. From sight and sound point of view transmission and gathering techniques are to some degree increasingly complex where; absolute showcase is divided into various parts and afterward all together data is sent to the objective end keeping up timing requirement. SMIL is a language position utilized for encoding mixed media introductions for transmission over the web. It's an organized piece of self-governing media objects. Figure 2 gives one essential planning containers2. In SMIL seq compartment start time is comparative with antecedent's end. Standard compartment has start time comparative with the containing standard however for excl object an is begun at whatever point object x (not appeared) is actuated and object b, c are begun when object y and z (not appeared) are enacted. It is to be noticed that no two normal course of events ought to be utilized to demonstrate the connection between a, b and c. On the off chance that it's not kept up, at that point there will be cover between the items that will go to give timing jumble, which may show up as clamor in show. Other than this, before transmission objects are encoded into advantageous structure. During encoding information may get lost. For instance on the off chance that it's a picture, at that point it may have been encoded into jpg structure where loss of information and thus clamor can get presented. This clamor will be joined all through its preparing and show up at last in

The Water Wars In Central Asia Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(32) of surface water system systems. â€Å" Water vows to be to the twenty-first century what oil was to the twentieth century: the esteemed exchange great that decides the abundance of states † . The twentieth century represented states with the piece of industry †harsh oil. Indeed, even today it is the point of convergence of worldwide battle, requesting a states capacity to outline both planetary political relations and the planetary financial framework. We will compose a custom paper test on The Water Wars In Central Asia Environmental Sciences Essay or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now The 21st century vows to direct states with the piece of life †clean H2O. Driven by whimsical conditions structures, escalated water system, and populace power per unit zones, H2O is progressively going a rare exchange great and is forming into a quickening agent of worldwide shakiness and battle. An outline of H2O ‘s capacity to affect a nation in the 21st century can be found in the Central Asian States, and the lack of hydration of the Aral Sea. The amplification of watered horticultural land region and hydroelectric force, resolved to be the underlying drivers of the Aral Sea disaster, have proceeded because of miss of community oriented activity by the newly free areas of the part. The Amu Darya and the Syr Darya gracefully new water to the upstream territories of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Southeastern Kazakhstan, and the downstream states Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Southwestern Kazakhstan. These states are going continuously competitory over H2O in the part, go forthing the drying out of normal arrangements like the Aral Sea as an adequate expense. The opposition over H2O originates from the H2O concentrated cotton collect, which overwhelms the agribusiness in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Southwestern Kazakhstan. Cotton gives a significant remote cash worker for the part and is a significant provider of business, however requests huge entireties of H2O from the part, which the Amu Darya and Syr Darya streams battle to gracefully. The aimless utilization of H2O to fuel cotton creation has been in design since the mid 1960 ‘s and is doing horrendous natural employments, for example, the drying of the Aral Sea, clime change, H2O and soil salt, and H2O, earth and air contamination. Expanding neediness, rapidly turning populaces, and the example of â€Å" monetary nationalism † on the other hand of provincial collaboration by the imperious administrations of part, are the elements for future strained quality, cultural precariousness, and conceivable battle in Central Asia. These advancements will be deciphered in a political monetary framework model, going from the Soviet ‘s constrained cotton creation, which is dissected in the second development of this paper. Water is a continuously rare asset in the part that is under power per unit zone coming from monetary associations, for example, hydroelectric coevals and agrarian creation. The ecological inclusions of biodiversity, bettering backings of the part ‘s populace and the resurgence of the Aral Sea are underrepresented and consequently unheard. The ecological degradation of the Aral Sea is analyzed in more noteworthy thing in the third region of this paper. The parchedness of the Aral Sea has far creation impacts in the part, affecting the clime and biodiversity. Desert air flows can move 1000000s of dozenss of debased sand and salt from the nation that was one time the Aral Sea, and hotel them on rural land everywhere throughout the part. The impacts of these contaminated sand and salt sedimentations are more distant intensified by the hapless waste frameworks and the astounding H2O logging, that have made soil salt go an expanding ecological employment. Rising salt degrees have cause the biology of the part to corrupt to where numerous nations are going unwelcoming, because of the uncouth descending winding powered by need and ecological degradation. The closing development pundits the institutional model behind the H2O bearing of the part. Foregrounding the uprooting from a midway shown distribution of H2O to the Ministries of Land Reclamation and Water Resources ( Minvodkhoz ) situated in Moscow to all the more locally found signifiers of H2O course, following the surrender of the Soviet Union. Since so it has become basic that upstream states like Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Southeastern Kazakhstan together distribute H2O assets with downstream states like Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Southwestern Kazakhstan. New foundations have been made to direct this methodology as every twelvemonth, at the presidential degree ; understandings are haggled to specify the aggregate of H2O designated to each state. There has been little adjustment at the miniaturized scale level with the exception of in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, where Water Users ‘ Associations ( WUA ) have been built up. In both Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, both sign ificant purchasers of H2O, the cardinal allocation and heading of H2O is as yet polished without nearby changes. The â€Å" utilization it or lose it † rule, the aftereffect of the Soviet ‘s midway arranged H2O portion designs, are still in design because of the lack of faces preventing the maltreatment or incitements propelling the safeguarding of H2O. The proceeded with ingestion of H2O at flow degrees, combined with the low productivity proportions before long rehearsed, will take to expanded degrees of soil salt and the more distant irreversible degradation of the Aral Sea bowl. In an isolated Central Asia stricken with a breaking down condition, the scarceness of H2O has lead to expanded tensenesss and may, given clasp, lead to genuine battle. Numerous in the part accept that dish to H2O is â€Å" God-Given, † which adds to the neighborhood specialists ‘s lack of solid activity against the present scarceness going up against the part, that is itself semisynthetic. Only decreased and progressively proficient ingestion of H2O in Aral Sea bowl managed by productive smaller scale and large scale associations, combined with interregional collaboration, would have the option to come on the part to a feasible from now on. The Soviet ‘s Management of Water The previous Soviet Central Asia comprises of mainly steppes and comeuppances. This condition had generally constrained the advancement of states and the connect toing agribusiness to desert springs, took care of by waterways or subterranean supplies known as springs. Soviet guideline changed this, with constrained collectivisation. A significant part of the conventional strategies for manageable editing structures were persuasively adjusted to huge scope singular collect techniques that necessary a H2O bearing foundation made out of surface water system frameworks. You read The Water Wars In Central Asia Environmental Sciences Essay in class Article models Districts like the Fergana Valley that were inundated and had some expertise in cotton as a hard cash reap, had an impressive similar favorable position over nations non bring forthing â€Å" white gold † . In the mid 1960 ‘s Moscow considered this near favorable position and started to make a semi monoculture, transforming Cardinal Asia into a characteristic stuffs maker for the texture businesses of the more cardinal Soviet Union. Cotton quickly turned into the life-bread of the external agronomically based Soviet popular governments, an irreplaceable exchange great their political monetary frameworks. This designed development is delineated by the area of Uzbekistan, which became one the biggest cotton bring forthing states known to man. The achievement or disappointment of cotton started to arrange the predetermination of political elites in the Soviet Socialistic Republics ( SSRs ) , which lead to broadened corruptness, for example, the over and underreporting of co tton creation and the constrained association of work to improve cotton creation. These degenerate examples in the blink of an eye became basiss of Uzbek, Tajik, and Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republics ‘ financial frameworks and the agrarian business of the part. As the creation of cotton in the Central Asiatic part expanded rapidly, the interest for H2O got hopeless, because of the clime ‘s horticultural inhospitality and interest for water system. Water, at the clasp, appeared to be abundantly provided by the Amu Darya and Syr Darya and lead to the structure of incredible channels like the KaraKum trench, extending in excess of 1,100 kilometer from the Amu Darya to Turkmenistan. The cragged nations of Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan are the get bringing down point for the two streams, which are for the most part devoured by the horticulturally requesting nations of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. This division among upstream and downstream states and the subsequent differential course is one of the main sources of strained quality refering H2O use in the part. The moneymaking augmentation of cotton land zone, best outlined by Uzbekistan, made a rapidly expanding interest for horticultural water system, and started going amiss mass proportions of H2O to give it. In Uzbekistan cotton ‘s expansion was remarkable, spread excursion from a final result of 441,600 hectares in 1913, to 1,022,600 burns from the sun in 1940, to 1,427,900 burns from the sun in 1960, to each piece much as 2,103,000 burns from the sun in 1987. In Uzbekistan cotton got known as â€Å" King Cotton † , furnishing a previously exposed state with a remarkable hard money gather and gave work to the main part of its residents. The Uzbek ‘s prospering cotton industry had one deadly imperfection: it depended completely on the handiness of H2O, in a section missing copious H2O. The effectiveness of H2O utilize was least because of a hapless foundation trusting on unlined and uncovered waterways, where break is exceptionally high, with the heft of H2O either va nishing or overflowing into the land. These wasteful H2O heading designs lead to a reducing aggregate of H2O truly making the Aral Sea, and by the 1960 ‘s the entirety of H2O making the Aral Sea

McCormick Girls Wanted

McCormick Girls Wanted The following entry was written by the very cool and talented Minh 10: Hi. I’m Minh. You can call me Minnie, or Minhsie, or any version of the name. Some of you may have read about me in Melis’ previous entries, but the short version of the story is that I’m currently a freshman at MIT who just declared Course 15: Management. I’m considering also doing something with Courses 18 Mathematics or 7 Biology. Melis and I go way back, to high school, actually, and then to last April, when I was her prefrosh! I’m also Melis’ little sister in our sorority, Alpha Chi Omega. Anyway, the point of this entry was to introduce you to yet another of the wonderful living groups at MIT. I live in McCormick Hall, MIT’s only all-female dormitory. MIT women choose to live here for a variety of reasons, whether it’s because they like the idea of living without any boys (they’re welcome to come visit us but can’t actually live here!), because of McCormick’s central location on campus, or many other reasons. MIT Admissions has a really great picture of McCormick: (from Admission’s Residential Life / Housing Options) McCormick hall is split into two towers: East and West, and also has an Annex. East Tower, where I live, is comprised of only single occupancy rooms, West is a mix of singles, doubles, and triples, and the Annex is a fairly recent addition to McCormick. This is my room just after I moved in. It doesn’t really look like this anymore because I’ve kind of rearranged a lot of the furniture and acquired a lot more stuff =). I have a gorgeous river view of the Boston skyline, and thus love my room. When there’s nice weather out, I get to see the MIT Sailing and Crew Teams. McCormick also has some really great facilities. Here’s Becca ’08 and Petra ’07 standing outside McCormick on a lovely spring afternoon, waiting to go on one of our social events: a sunset cruise along the Charles River! These two are the current and former McCormick presidents. They’re cool. Post Tagged #McCormick Hall

The Joy of Christmas - 527 Words

The joy of Christmas is a wonderful thing. It makes you go insane with happiness. You see, things happen during the holidays. And when you look back and remember the things you did, you become giddy and embarrassed. One such thing happened to me, when I was twenty-three. I was roaming the streets, looking for shops that might hold gifts that my family would like. As I walked, I had my head buried in the shop windows, so I wasn’t looking where I was going. I walked right into someone, causing them to spill the contents in their arms. I turned, â€Å"I’m so sorry,† I apologized, â€Å"Here let me help you.† I scampered around the sidewalk, collecting the man’s things. As I handed him his things, our eyes met and we shared a moment of specialness. I quickly looked away and glanced towards the sky. To my surprise, mistletoe hung on a thin line dangling in the air. I blushed as the man spotted what I was looking at. â€Å"I’m Thomas ,† he stuck out his hand to shake, â€Å"I feel we must have a proper introduction before we, you know, go about the tradition.† I shook his hand and introduced myself, â€Å"I’m Victoria.† We stared at each other awkwardly for a few moments, waiting for the other person to make the first move. Finally, I turned, â€Å"Farewell, Thomas. I’ll see you around,† I called over my shoulder as I walked away. Our fates must have been intertwined, or he was following me, because it wasn’t but three days later, on the same street, that we ran into each otherShow MoreRelatedThe Day Of The Joy Of Christmas Essay1101 Words   |  5 PagesHey there! Merry Christmas! I hope that you are all able to spend time with your loved ones during these upcoming days. Part of the joy of Christmas is spending time with those we love. While we celebrate with our friends and family, it’s the perfect time to remember all of the things God has blessed us with. Family. Loved ones. Clean Water. Food. Shelter. Safetly. Internet (WiFi, amirite? ☠º ). As well as many other things. Most importantly, we should remember the incredible LOVE God has for usRead MoreThe Joy And Revelation Of A Christmas Carol1563 Words   |  7 PagesImagine a staged production of A Christmas Carol set in 1843. See the stage set in the exact time it was written by Charles Dickens. The foggy, crowded streets abuzz with carolers and shoppers, the children staring wide eyed into the shops and bakeries. Hear the bells ringing as a round of â€Å"Hark the Herald Angels Sing† fills the gaslit streets with joy. As a child, going to see A Christmas Carol was one of my fondest Christmas memories. To witness Scrooge s’ transformation from a mean, greedy oldRead MoreDickens Use of Language and Structure to Build Up a Picture of the Joy of Christmas Present1022 Words   |  5 PagesDickens Use of Language and Structure to Build Up a Picture of the Joy of Christmas Present I’m going to analyse stave 3 of a Christmas carol, Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth in 1812. In 1836 Dickens published the first part in a serialisation called The Posthumous papers of the Pickwick club better known as The Pickwick papers. In 1843 he wrote his first and most famous Christmas story, A Christmas Carol. Victorians in those times, a lot of them lived in povertyRead MoreThe Theme Of Family In Charles Dickenss A Christmas Carol925 Words   |  4 Pagesaspects, throughout his novel titled A Christmas Carol to create a compelling reminder of the value of perspective. The book’s main character, Scrooge, finds himself on a journey guided by three spirits, a journey which eventually serves to forever change his perspective on life. Dickens skillfully incorporates various pictures of family dynamics through all three of his â€Å"spirits†: The Ghost of Christmas Past, the Ghost of Christmas present, and the Ghost of Christmas yet to Come, evoking sentimental feelingsRead MoreChristmas, 2009 Essay737 Words   |  3 Pagesalways been very excited and waiting patiently for Christmas to arrive because I always thought on Christmas as an occasion when the family gets together. And this past year (2009) was not different from the others; I was very excited waiting for Christmas. Especially, because I was going to spend this holiday in Mexico with my grandma, aunts, uncles and cousins, but all that emotion did not take me to a Christmas full of joy as the past years. Christmas was very important to me because it was Camila’sRead MoreA Christmas Carol By Charles Dickens914 Words   |  4 PagesFew characters in Christmas literature personify the antithesis of the season like Ebenezer Scrooge. Penned in 1843, Charles Dickens classic, A Christmas Carol has been told and retold. It has become a fixture of the season. So ingrained in our culture, is this story, that everyone knows the name Scrooge and the negative connotation that accompanies it. But what if, instead of just a cranky old miser, Ol Ebenezer Scrooge was more of a rather observant social commentator? In order to defendRead MoreMy Favorite Holiday Essay745 Words   |  3 PagesMy favorite holiday is Christmas. Traditionally celebrated at home, Christmas is thought to be a family holiday. However nowaday s the habits and ideas of people have changed very much and Christmas becomes more of the global holiday when it is appropriate to meet with many friends and go out for the round the night crazy celebration. Every person finds his own most favorite things about Christmas. In this small essay I will examine what this holiday means to me, and what are the best parts of itRead MoreA Christmas Carol Analysis1036 Words   |  5 PagesCharles Dickens’s main character in â€Å"A Christmas Carol†. This play is about the story of a man, Ebenezer Scrooge, who was greedy, loved money, and had a heart that was hardened toward Christmas. Charles Dickens wrote this story to help expose the suffering of the poor and to convince readers that conditions need to be corrected. Through the visitations of three spirits, Scrooge learned why he had become greedy, how much he had missed out on by avoiding Christmas, and that he was capable of becomingRead MoreA Christmas Carol Analysis1123 Words   |  5 PagesWhile Charles Dickens’ novel, A Christmas Carol, gives an account of one wealthy man’s insight towards the lower class, Steven Johnson’s work, Ghost Map, explores the hardships endured by the lower class in Soho, a poor area of London in the 1850’s. The two pieces of literature work in conjunction to examine how the quality of life during these times was affected by the disparity between classes. Ebenezer Scrooge, the protagonist in A Christmas Carol, demonstrates early in the novel how the richRead More The Popularity of A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay1295 Words   |  6 PagesThe Popularity of A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens I Think that A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens is still popular today because it has a good moral story and people still enjoy a good old fashioned ghost story. This is because a lot of us are still interested in the afterlife and if such things as ghosts even exist we are fascinated by them and a novel with ghosts in, we cannot put it down. The moral story which seems even in modern day society to stick

The First Five Presidents Of The United States - 1233 Words

The first five presidents for the United States impacted the United States greatly and their names were George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe. The president I think that impacted the U.S the most was George Washington who was in office for eight years (1789-1797). George Washington who was the commander in chief and led the army in the Revolutionary War and gained freedom from Great Britain at that time there was thirteen colonies in the United States. In 1783 George Washington signed a peace treaty with Great Britain. John Adams which was the second president to be elected who was vice president at first for eight years (1789-1796) soon became president for four years (1797-1801). John Adams strengthened the central government by making the army stronger and he signed a law which is called the â€Å"Act for the Sick† which let government marine hospital service. Thomas Jefferson which was the third president was one of the more impor tant presidents for the United States, he was one of the authors of the Declaration of Independence and he also organized the Louisiana Purchase which doubled the country known as the United States. James Madison Jr. known as the fourth president promoted the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights. James Monroe which was the fifth president for the United States who was in office for eight years (1817-1825) and was the last president that was in the Virginia Dynasty and the Republican Generation.Show MoreRelatedThe First Five Presidents Of The United States Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesThe first five presidents of the United States impacted the United States greatly and their names were George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe. The president I think that impacted the U.S the most was George Washington who was in office for eight years (1789-1797). George Washington who was the commander in chief and led the army in the Revolution ary War and gained freedom from Great Britain at that time there was thirteen colonies in the United States. InRead MoreWhat Is The Left Side Of The United States?1025 Words   |  5 Pages First, The left side is The United States of America. That is why it has a United States flag. The Right side of the mural is Russia’s side. That is why it has the Russian flag. I am going to start on the United States side. The person in the box on the left side is the president of the United States of America, Donald Trump. The big 323 is for three hundred- three million people in the United States. The big M of course represent million. All of the people represent immigrants. The green thingRead MoreDrug Abuse Prevention And Control888 Words   |  4 PagesOn Thursday June 17, 1971, United States President Richard Nixon gave a press conference to publicize the publication of the special message that was given to Congress on Drug Abuse Prevention and Control. During this he declared drug abuse public enemy number one (Nixon, 1971). In the message to Congress Nixon states that the United States should dedicate more federal resources to â€Å"the prevention of new addicts, and the rehabilitation of those who are addicted† (Nixon, 1971). This part didRead MoreMore Than Just A Five Dollar Bill1429 Words   |  6 PagesThan Just a Five Dollar Bill Compared to many other countries across the globe, The United States of America is defiantly one of the youngest nations. The nation is only 238 years old which is not a long time compared to other countries. Over the last 238 years a lot has happened in America. One thing that has not changed in the United States of America is the government. When people came over from England to the United States, people were not used to having a president. The President would fulfillRead MoreUs Constitution Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica in the 21st Century? Written in seventeen- eighty-nine, being two hundred and twenty-five years old, Today, many of us question whether or not the United States Constitution is still relevant. When our founding fathers wrote the Constitution, it was written according to their needs in the eighteenth century. According to the Bill of Rights, everyone has the right to bear arms, but in the twenty-first century what exactly does it mean to have the right to bear arms? Our meaning of the ConstitutionRead MoreFederal Government And The United States1498 Words   |  6 Pages Federal Government The United States of America government is called the federal government and is the republic of the fifty states which constitute the United States. It also constitutes the capital districts and several other territories. Now the government is made up of three different branches and they are the Executive, Legislature, and the Judicial. Those powers are all vested by the US constitution which is in the congress, the president, and also the federal court that also includesRead MoreThe Attack At Pearl Harbor1596 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Benjamin Carr July 25, 2016 The Attack at Pearl Harbor Seventy-five years ago, in the early morning of December 7, 1941, â€Å"the Japanese launched hundreds of attack planes off warships, 230 miles off the coast of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.† 2 The United States had no indication that an attack was about to occur. These planes were â€Å"heading straight to Oahu, the home of Pearl Harbor and the Unites States Pacific Fleet.† 2 It was one of the most massive attacks in world history. TheRead MoreThe War Between The North And The South993 Words   |  4 PagesFive years American had their own bloodshed between the North and the South. There is many reason into why the United States had a war between the North and the South. The United States was divided depending on location and personal sentiments. People in the United States sometimes think that this war was only fought over slavery, but there was many reason in why the Union and the Confederate States of America fought. The war was fought on many reason such as th e idea of slavery, states’ rightsRead MoreThe State Of The United States979 Words   |  4 Pages the type of federal government of the United States, four important philosophers, and abundance of the U.S Constitution. First of all, The United States has a democratic republican government. There are three branches of government called the Legislative branch, Executive branch, and judicial branch. The Legislative branch makes laws. The United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government. (Federal government of the United States., 2015) It has two chambers which are theRead MoreEssay On Texas Constitution977 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween the United States and Texas Constitution allows citizens to be apprehensive of what is happening in our government. The topics on the amending and impeachment system and the Judicial and Executive Branch grant insight of the proceedings in our governments. For an amendment to become official for the United States’ Constitution it would first need approval by the Senate and the House of Representatives with a superiority vote of two-thirds. The amendment then goes up to the states, needing thirty-eight

Children a Good Target Market or an Abuse of Innocence Free Essays

Children: A Good Target Market or An Abuse of Innocence? Advertising is a way many businesses attract consumers. Consumers are, after all, their source of income. Billions of dollars are spent every year by corporations to huge advertising companies to think of the next big commodity. We will write a custom essay sample on Children: a Good Target Market or an Abuse of Innocence? or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the most attractive target market today is children, which inevitably sparks controversy throughout the country. When discussing advertising to children, one should highly consider how the effects the products being advertised pose to children, the status of our countries laws, and the current uses of child advertising and the effect they may have on their audience because we need to think of the children first in order to protect our country’s youth. Many businesses have made the arguable decision in marketing towards children. If the venture is done the right way, it can be a successful form of getting attention to a business. In the article â€Å"Brand loyalty starts from a very early age,† Lou Cooper reveals, â€Å"Influencing children at a young age could see them retain their custom in the future† (24). However, if done incorrectly or unethically, youth advertising can be very dangerous and influential to a child in the wrong way. More and more manufacturers  and television advertisers  think that children constitute an important group for their target  market. They see other businesses succeeding when they use the tactic and they believe they need to use it too so as to remain competitive in the industry. However,  television advertising  aimed at children is extremely harmful to child development. Over the last few decades,  television advertising  has changed people’s life styles and buying habits, especially children. Children have larger spending power. With the additional reassurance from statistics and research, more and more manufacturers and  advertisers  think that a young age group is an important group for their target  market. However,  television advertising  aimed at children is extremely harmful to child development because of the many harmful and unhealthy things the television is portraying as acceptable and even going so far as to making a harmful product sound attractive and necessary to a young consumer. Television aids the alcohol industry, as well as the fast food industry in spreading the word of their harmful products. The fast food industry is especially taking advantage of their marketing ability, and consumers are paying the price for it, with their health. According to the film Super Size Me, over the past few years, there has been a doubling of childhood and adult diabetes. Also, in the film Super Size Me, Morgan Spurlock provides the information that more children are having liver abnormalities and are already showing signs of cirrhosis, a clinical scaring of the liver. As stunningly accurate as in Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser mentions, â€Å"But the value meals, two-for-one deals, and free refills of soda give a distorted sense of how much fast food actually costs. The real price never appears on the menu† (9). Thus, the harmful products shown on TV should be highly monitored and perhaps even forced laws upon certain ads to protect the public. The founding laws of our nation have worked for us for centuries. They protect us when is necessary and allow us freedoms when appropriate. Legislators have been able to protect us very well with the constant updating of our laws. Through amendments and many new laws, law makers have been able to stay current with issues at hand. However, because our country’s laws haven’t taken another modern twist, many children are feeling the consequences. As seen in The United States Bill of Rights, the first amendment to the Constitution is â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press† (US Const. , amd. 1) When creating the law, however, legislators in the revolutionary time period surely didn’t suspect that the safety of children would be at stake when they wrote such a broad and vague concept. The legislation for advertising to children is minimal, and most advertising companies have free reign to do whatever they want. When a commercial is geared toward children, they find it appealing and some almost comforting. Fast Food Nation’s Eric Schlosser expressed that children are exposed to â€Å"30,000 commercials a year. † Congress has passed laws in the past about setting regulations for the advertising of cigarettes and alternative means of marketing because of their extremely harmful and negative side effects they threaten consumers with. Certain means of advertising in movie theaters was reviewed and banned; Truthful advertisements are being forced on to cigarette companies. Advertisements in movie theaters would show pictures of a random place and quickly show a flash of a product so people in the audience would need to have it. For example, they would show a large desert and then quickly show a Coke, and a person sitting in the audience would stand up and need to buy the Coke, almost as if they were brainwashed. Cigarette companies are now forced to put pictures of diseased organs on the box of cigarettes so as to warn the public of their unhealthy and dangerous aftermath and hopefully thwart as many Americans smoking as possible, a much different form of advertising than an advertisement for Paul Mall cigarettes depicting cigarettes to â€Å"Guard against throat-scratch. † When children are exposed to such stimulation of such appealing products, According to Lou Cooper, they have the influence over their parents to utilize close to â€Å"1. 88 trillion dollars†, which of course makes children a hefty target, but at what cost? Cooper 24). Advertisers use many forms of marketing to charm children. Phrases and slogans are one example. Many types  of food have a phrase associated with them. Commercials use phrases and slogans to embed their product into an audience’s memory. By the time the commercial ends the line and product are stuck in a person’s mind. By targe ting children, whole families are then targeted. Competition sparks the creation of phrases and slogans so as to imprint that brand into the minds of consumers. If one company can create a phrase that everyone will know and remember, they are one step ahead of their competition. Characters are also a way used to target children. Making characters has been the way in which many companies capture the attention of children everywhere. When a child sees commercials on television, the characters are instantly installed in their brain. Prominent figures also bring forth an ethical appeal for children; for example, in Lucky Strike advertisement, Santa Claus is shown with his bag of toys in one hand and a cigarette in the other. When the child witnesses such extreme behavior from the ones they hold dear, they want to be just like the people they admire. Therefore, children are more likely to buy a product used by their favorite celebrity or character. Toys are another way in which companies target children. Companies give toys to children sometimes relating to their product to endorse their item and entice the recipient to the merchandise. The hope some companies have is that the child will associate their brand with a reward such as a toy and want it more because of the attraction. For example, cereal companies are famous for toy advertisements. If they put toys in the boxes of cereal, children are more likely to want the box with a toy in it. Pleasing children is a main concern for all big companies. In closing, advertising to children isn’t the best idea when you want to keep the youth of our country safe, healthy, and uncorrupt so as to brighten our future as a nation. The products of some endorsements are mainly those that need to be feared. However, when a child is just as innocent as watching their favorite television show, parents and the children themselves shouldn’t need to worry about what kind of commercials pop-up that try to entice them with that happy meal and those toys. Children deserve every right to enjoy their time of being care-free and trusting. Childhood is a time for joyful bliss and innocence, not corruption. Works Cited Cooper, Lou. â€Å"Brand Loyalty Starts from a Very Early Age. † EBSCO Publishing Service Selection Page. Marketing Week, 10 June 2010. Web. 02 Nov. 2010 ;http:web. ebscohost. com/src/pdf? vid=3;hid=104;sid=725b5696-c4ed-46ed-b519-2fl6cbd64173@sessionmgr112;. â€Å"The United States Bill of Rights. † National Archives and Records Administration. U. S. National Archives ; Records Administration. Web. 02. Nov. 2011. ;http://www. archives. gov/exhibits/characters/print_friendly. html? page=bill_of_rights_transcript_content. html;. Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: the Dark Side of the All-American Meal. New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 2005. Print. Supersize Me: a Film of Epic Proportions . Hart Sharp Video, 2004. â€Å"Santa Smokes Lucky Strikes! † Quit Smoking Painlessly Now! Web. 02 Nov. 2010. ;http://www. quitsmokingpainlesslynow. com/cigarette-advertising/santa-smoking-lucky-strikes/;. How to cite Children: a Good Target Market or an Abuse of Innocence?, Papers

Histology for Laboratory Manual and Review- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHistology for Laboratory Manual and Review. Answer: The specimens are delicate items and there are handled with care with minimal errors because any of the above could lead in misleading and fatal results. The specimen has to go through the preparation section and given the fact that tissues are very delicate; cutting them into thin sections could be impossible task. The specimen usually needs preservation or to be fixed before sections are prepared. This can be done through two different ways, whereby the tissues can be rapidly frozen while the sections sliced using a cryostat microtome in the freezing chamber. Alternatively, the specimen can be dipped into a liquid agent with properties of turning into a solid state for thin sections to be cut from it (Kemal, 2014). Upon receiving the specimen, then fixation is the crucial stage that follows in the laboratory. Fixation is a critical stage when it comes to preparing specimens for microscopic examination. It helps in preserving the specimen by protecting it from the decay. It kills all the microorganisms responsible for decay and keeps the specimen in a hardened state with enough molecular structure for the subsequent necessary staining procedures to be applied. The specimen then has to go through the grossing process. And here, the process involves a comprehensive examination and analysis of the specimen characteristics including their physical appearance, their size and the dimension as well as the number of the pieces of the specimen. Larger specimens in some instances require further dissecting into smaller appropriate sections. Furthermore, the specimen would go through the processing stage for paraffin section using the tissue processors. The tissue processors allow the specimen to be infiltrated by a variety of liquids which in the end results in the finishes in the molten state paraffin wax. Then later on after the processing, the specimen goes through an embedding centre where they are extracted from their cassettes and put inside molds filled with wax (Rolls, n.d.). Then the specimen goes through section. At this stage, the sections of the specimen are cut in precision sizes using a microtome instrument, with very fine metallic blades. The sections of the specimen are then placed afloat on the surface of the warm water and the place into microscopic slides and after extensive drying; they are then ready for the staining process. The staining process is necessary for revealing the structural information of the specimen when using bright field microscopy. Most specimens apart from having a few natural pigments like the melanin; most cells and other components that constitutes of the specimen do not have specific colors. In histopathology, the frequently used stain universally as a basic primary point in providing the structural details about the specimen is the hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain. There are various tests that could be undertaken to assist in the diagnosis of the patients condition. These tests can either be cytology examination or the biopsy tests. Cytology tests involve the process whereby the doctor examines the cells from the body under the microscope to determine any underlying conditions (Mandal, n.d.). Cytology is a quick test that determines the existence of the common infections, inflammatory disease of the urinary tract, cancer among others. These examinations do not completely identify illness conditions such as cancer and also it cannot be used to base a medical conclusion about the absence of a disease. The cytology process is different from the biopsy whereby, it deals with examining individual cells rather than elements of tissues found in a lot of cell clusters. The other significant test that could rapidly help in the diagnosis of the disease is the biopsy. Biopsy is the process of diagnosing diseases whereby a doctor removes parts of the body tissues to be examined by a pathologist under a microscope within a laboratory. There are several types of biopsy, and establishing the most appropriate one for your patient is necessary. These types include excisional biopsy which involves a whole affected area being surgically removed. It could also be the incisional biopsy which involves a sample of a tissue for examination. Biopsy is an important test in examining the health condition of the patient and provides an insight of underlying medical problem, although further comprehensive tests are necessary before arriving to conclusion on the condition of illness of the patient. The cytology and biopsy tests are an important diagnostic process that can complement the histopathology diagnostic of chronic conditions such as cancer and other troublesome diseases as they employ different techniques that can be used to gain necessary clinical information in the context of diagnostic procedures. The significance of the two procedures in complementing other histopathology procedures is invaluable as they assist in the diagnosis of different conditions within the patients, and provide the basis for further clinical tests. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain is the commonly used staining method in histopathology. The staining procedure uses a combination of two dyes that is, hematoxylin and eosin. They demonstrate the nucleus and the cytoplasmic involvement in the clinical specimens. The baseline principle in this staining process is that the alum will operate in a position of a mordant and the nucleus is stained light blue by the hematoxylin which contains alum. The results of the HE stain produce blue and black nuclei, a pink cytoplasm, muscle fibers with a deep red color, the red blood cells are orange red in color, and finally, the fibrin is deep pink color. Many clinical conditions can be diagnosed in histopathology by the close study of hematoxylin and eosin alone. However, in the event whereby additional information is required for the further examination tests in the laboratory, then other staining techniques might be used. These may consist of special stain that contains dyes that define specific structures or other micro-organisms with the involvement of the position of the diagnostically important proteins with aid of marked antibodies. Some non histological tests could also provide good diagnostic grounds for the clinicians. They can offer an alternative way in helping the laboratory tests of the chronic diseases. Radiological studies are a good basis for the testing and establishing liver problems. CT-scans can be used to look deeper into tissues to provide crucial details about the liver and provide diagnosis grounds. Secondly, the use of Ultra sonogram (USG), of the abdomen whereby the clinician utilizes the wave of the sounds to establish important liver pathology and it is a noninvasive method of diagnosis. Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), provides a clear imaging study into the internal body tissues and offers great diagnosis environment for detection of abnormal conditions in body tissues like the liver. The diagnosis means that the doctor is not 100% sure of the outcomes after the diagnosis and based on the information he/she has, they make an educated guess about the possible diagnosis. The clinical notes on Ferritin at 2,355, and total body iron content at 20grams meant that this was provisional, as the specific condition had not been established. Likewise, Differential diagnosis means that you have more than one possibility for the outcomes of your diagnosis and the doctor must clearly differentiate the two to come up with an actual diagnosis. Lethargy, loss of sex drive and abdominal pain can all be caused by varied conditions (Shimelpfening Gans, 2017). References Kemal, J. (2014). Laboratory Manual and Review on Clinical Pathology. OMICS Group eBooks . Mandal, A. (n.d.). Liver disease diagnosis. News Medical: Life Sciences. Available at: https://www.news-medical.net/health/Liver-disease-diagnosis.aspx Rolls, G. (n.d.). An Introduction to Specimen Preparation. Advancing Cancer Diagnostics Improving Lives . Available at https://www.leicabiosystems.com/pathologyleaders/an-introduction-to-specimen-preparation/ Shimelpfening, N., Gans, S. (2017). The Difference Between Provisional and Differential Diagnosis. Very Well. Avaialable at: https://www.verywell.com/provisional-diagnosis-vs-differential-diagnosis-1067284